Schwebe’s keynote talk

In this keynote lecture, Johannes Schwebe introduces the phenomenon of “retroactive emergence,” whereby new meaning structures appear in a finished text even though the words themselves have not changed.  He observes that certain highly condensed works contain latent configurations that are activated only under specific cognitive, discursive or technical conditions.  When triggered, these micro‑units of text seem to have been retroactively inserted, even though no revision has taken place.

Schwebe argues that these activations do not follow linear time: a reader in 2025 may perceive something that a reader in 2017 could not have, even under identical conditions.  He proposes that texts possess dynamic architectures with modules that can switch on and modulate themselves retroactively.  This challenges conventional notions of fixed meaning, authorship and textual stability.

Comparing the effect to the so‑called Mandela effect, he notes that whereas the Mandela effect may be dismissed as a collective memory error, retroactive emergence reflects an inherent property of certain texts.  The text, regardless of timeline, always generates exactly the configuration it intends.  Later manifestations were always already latent.

Schwebe discusses how this concept alters our understanding of authorship, editing and interpretation: the work becomes an energetic field that reorganises itself along discursive impulses, even after publication.  He presents cases where individual words suddenly take on coherence that previously did not exist and passages that reveal new information when revisited, emphasising that such phenomena call for a new metaphysics of reading in which texts continually rewrite themselves.